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16-bit is also a term given to a generation of microcomputers in which 16-bit microprocessors were the norm. A 16-bit register can store 216 different values. The signed range of integer values that can be stored in 16 bits is -32,768 (-1 × 215) through 32,767 (215 - 1); the unsigned range is 0 through 65,535 (216 - 1). Since 216 is 65,536, a processor with 16-bit memory addresses can directly access 64 KiB of byte-addressable memory. ==16-bit architecture== The MIT Whirlwind ( 1951)〔Computer History Museum, (Year 1951 ) (see also (Year 1943 )).〕〔Digital Press, (Digital at Work ), Pearson, 1992, ISBN 1-55558-092-0, pp. 4, 23.〕 was quite possibly the first-ever 16-bit computer. Other early ( 1965–70) 16-bit computers include the IBM 1130,〔IBM Archives, (The IBM 1130 computing system ).〕 the HP 2100,〔Computer History Museum, ("HP 2116" ).〕 the Data General Nova,〔Computer History Museum, ("Data General Nova minicomputer" ).〕 and the DEC PDP-11.〔Digital Press, (Digital at Work ), Pearson, 1992, ISBN 1-55558-092-0, pp. 58–61.〕 Early ( 1973–75) multi-chip 16-bit microprocessors include the National Semiconductor IMP-16 and the Western Digital MCP-1600. Early ( 1975–76) single-chip 16-bit microprocessors include the National Semiconductor PACE, the HP BPC, and the TI TMS9900. Other notable 16-bit processors include the Intel 8086, the Intel 80286, the WDC 65C816, and the Zilog Z8000. The Intel 8088 was program-compatible with the Intel 8086, and was 16-bit in that its registers were 16 bits long and arithmetic instructions, even though its external bus was 8 bits wide. A 16-bit integer can store 216 (or 65,536) distinct values. In an unsigned representation, these values are the integers between 0 and 65,535; using two's complement, possible values range from −32,768 to 32,767. Hence, a processor with 16-bit memory addresses can directly access 64 KB of byte-addressable memory. 16-bit processors have been almost entirely supplanted in the personal computer industry, and are used less than 32-bit (or 8-bit) CPUs in embedded applications. 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「16-bit」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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